The Role of Homoeopathic Medicines in the Management of Insomnia: A Retrospective Observational Study

Abstract

Background: Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, significantly affects the quality of life and mental health of individuals by impairing cognitive function, mood, and overall well-being. Conventional treatments often result in dependency or adverse effects, limiting their long-term effectiveness. Homoeopathy offers an individualised, safe, and holistic approach to managing insomnia by addressing the root causes, improving sleep quality, and restoring the body’s natural sleep rhythm without harmful side effects. Objective: To assess the efficacy of homoeopathic medicines in improving sleep quality among patients with primary insomnia. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on patients diagnosed with primary insomnia. Inclusion criteria were adults aged 18–65 years with sleep disturbances persisting for at least three months. Patients with secondary insomnia or psychiatric illnesses were excluded. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) at baseline and after three months of treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-tests. Results: Out of 100 patients screened, 60 met the inclusion criteria (n = 60). The mean PSQI score improved significantly from 15.2 ± 2.5 at baseline to 8.3 ± 1.9 after three months of treatment (P < 0.01). Sleep duration increased from 4.2 ± 1.1 hours to 6.8 ± 0.9 hours (P < 0.01), and nighttime awakenings decreased in 75% of patients. Frequently prescribed remedies included Coffea cruda (n = 22), Nux vomica (n = 15), and Arsenicum album (n = 12), with each showing high rates of improvement in sleep quality. Conclusion: Homoeopathic treatment significantly improved sleep quality in patients with primary insomnia. The individualised approach suggests its potential as a safe and effective alternative. Further controlled studies are needed to validate these findings.