Impact of Treatment Modality (Inpatient vs Outpatient) on Locus of Control among Poly Drug Abusers

Abstract

Locus of control plays a significant role in substance dependence and recovery outcomes. Individuals with an external locus of control tend to attribute their behavior to external forces, which may increase vulnerability to relapse. The present study examined the impact of treatment modality (inpatient vs outpatient) on locus of control among poly drug abusers. A total of 120 participants were divided into three groups: inpatient (n = 40), outpatient (n = 40), and untreated (n = 40). Locus of control was assessed using a standardized measure, and data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, chi-square analysis, correlation, and regression techniques. Results revealed a significant difference in locus of control across treatment modalities (F(2,117) = 3.14, p<0.05). Outpatients demonstrated significantly higher external locus of control (M = 11.30) compared to inpatients (M = 9.53). Chi-square analysis further indicated a higher frequency of external locus of control among outpatients (f = 7) compared to inpatients (f = 1). Regression analysis showed that mental health significantly predicted locus of control (R² = 0.09, p<0.01). The findings suggest that inpatient treatment may be more effective in fostering internal locus of control among poly drug abusers compared to outpatient treatment. Implications for addiction rehabilitation and psychological interventions are discussed.